BFRP模壳不排水加固混凝土墩柱 轴压性能试验研究

为实现不排水快速加固桥梁水下混凝土墩柱目的,基于水下自应力不分散混凝土及“装配式”理念,提出一种BFRP（Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer）模壳不排水快速加固水下混凝土墩柱的加固方法. 为研究采用该方法加固的混凝土墩柱的轴压性能,共设计、制作了8个试件进行轴心受压试验,研究了BFRP模壳加固、填充混凝土性能、填充层厚度、养护环境等因素对试件的轴压破坏模式、承载力、延性等的影响. 试验结果表明：BFRP模壳加固可有效提高试件的承载能力与延性;采用水下自应力不分散混凝土作为填充层,掺入适量的膨胀剂,同时控制填充层的加固厚度,有利于获得更好的加固效果;淡水环境下,BFRP模壳加固试件的极限承载力要优于海水环境下的试件等. 根据试验结论及现有的一些约束混凝土柱轴压承载力公式,建议了BFRP模壳约束加固混凝土墩柱的轴压承载力计算公式,理论计算结果与试验结果吻合良好.     

长沙地区混合通风住宅老年人空调使用行为

为研究混合通风建筑内人员的空调使用行为对建筑能耗的影响,对夏热冬冷地区以老年人为主的住宅空调系统及室内环境进行为期一年的连续监测,收集了气象参数、空调使用率、开启时间、室内的设定温度等数据. 分析表明：夏季和冬季在客厅、餐厅以及主卧开启空调的时间均有所不同. 在夏季,客厅与餐厅的设定温度较为集中,主要为26~28 ℃,主卧的室内设定温度主要为25~29 ℃,三者设定温度的峰值均在27.5 ℃左右;在冬季,各房间的室内设定温度相差不大,频率最高的温度为20.5 ℃. 夏季住宅内老年人日间室外耐受温度约为31 ℃,夜间约为26 ℃;而冬季住宅内老年人日间室外耐受温度约为12 ℃,夜间耐受温度约为8 ℃. 同时建立了空调开启率与环境温度之间的逻辑回归模型、空调开启时间以及室内温度正态分布模型,为研究混合通风住宅建筑空调使用行为提供参考.     

配电物联数据驱动业务以及边云协同功能研究

当前配电物联数据驱动业务中数据资源分配均衡性差、规划效率低,影响协同功能的实现。本文改进了配电物联数据驱动业务以及边云协同功能。通过事件驱动收集底层用电数据,经过预处理生成区间数据,将数据统一支配实现数据驱动业务。采用API技术使计算机与具有socket接口的设备保持通信,设计云计算中心与边缘设备的通信功能,设置配电网中控制模块功能,从而实现边云协同功能,保障配电网全局运行。实验结果表明：在相同的测试条件下,与传统的配电物联数据驱动业务及协同功能相比,提出的配电物联数据驱动业务中数据资源分配均衡性较高,有效提高配电物联数据资源规划效率,保证了边云协同功能的正常运行,满足实际应用需求。     

基于高阶图卷积自编码器的网络流量预测

网络流量预测是有效保障用户QoS措施之一。当前深度学习为基础的网络算法预测中没有充分利用网络拓扑信息。为此,提出了基于高阶图卷积自编码器的网络流量预测模型。该流量预测模型基于软件定义网络（SDN）架构,利用高阶图卷积网络（GCN）获取网络拓扑中的多跳邻域之间的流量相互影响关系,采用门控递归单元（GRU）获取网络的时间相关性信息,利用自编码模型来实现无监督学习和预测。在Abilene网络上采用真实数据进行了仿真对比分析试验,结果表明,提出的方法在网络流量检测方面的MAPE值为41.56%,低于其它深度学习的方法,同时预测准确率方面也达到最优。     

铝合金单层球面网壳结构阻尼特性

通过现场实测对铝合金板式节点单层球面网壳结构的阻尼比进行了分析研究.针对一平面尺寸45 m×45 m,矢高2.86 m的铝合金板式节点单层球面网壳结构,设计了11种工况,通过现场实测采集了160条人工激励下的节点加速度自由衰减振动信号以及6条环境激励下的节点加速度振动信号,采用解析模态分解法(AMD)结合希尔伯特变换识别结构的自振频率和阻尼比.对所得数据进行分析,建议铝合金板式节点单层球面网壳的结构阻尼比取4%.运用实测阻尼比数据建立有限元模型分析结构动力响应,对应实测节点加速度响应曲线和有限元计算得到的响应曲线吻合较好,所测得阻尼值可为现行规范修订提供依据,为结构动力分析与工程设计提供参考.     

Mechanical,electrical, and thermal properties of the directionally solidified Bi-Zn-Al ternary eutectic alloy

A Bi-2.0Zn-0.2Al (wt%) ternary eutectic alloy was prepared using a vacuum melting furnace and a casting furnace. The samples were directionally solidified upwards at a constant growth rate (V = 18.4 μm/s) under different temperature gradients (G = 1.15–3.44 K/mm) and at a constant temperature gradient (G = 2.66 K/mm) under different growth rates (V = 8.3–500 μm/s) in a Bridgman-type directional solidification furnace. The dependence of microstructure parameter (λ) on the solidification parameters (G and V) and that of the microhardness (Hv) on the microstructure and solidification parameters were investigated. The resistivity (ρ) measurements of the studied alloy were performed using the standard four-point-probe method, and the temperature coefficient of resistivity (α) was calculated from the ρ-T curve. The enthalpy (ΔH) and the specific heat (C_p) values were determined by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. In addition, the thermal conductivities of samples, obtained using the Wiedemann-Franz and Smith-Palmer equations, were compared with the experimental results. The results revealed that, the thermal conductivity values obtained using the Wiedemann-Franz and Smith-Palmer equations for the Bi-2.0Zn-0.2Al (wt%) alloy are in the range of 5.2–6.5 W/Km and 15.2–16.4 W/Km, respectively.     

Tool life modeling for evaluating the effects of cutting speed and reinforcements on the machining of particle reinforced metal matrix composites

The wear of cutting tools in the machining of 2024Al alloy composites reinforced with Al₂O₃ particles using varying sizes and volume fractions of particles up to 23.3vol% was investigated by a turning process using coated carbide tools K10 and TP30 at different cutting speeds. Machining tests were performed with a plan of experiments based on the Taguchi method. The tool life model was developed in terms of cutting speed, size, and volume fraction of particles by multiple linear regressions. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) was also employed to carry out the effects of these parameters on the cutting tool life. The test results show that the tool life decreases with the increase of cutting speed for both cutting tools K10 and TP30, and the tool life of the K10 tool is significantly longer than that of the TP30 tool. For the tool life, cutting speed is found to be the most effective factor followed by particle content and particle size, respectively. The predicted tool life of cutting tools is found to be in very good agreement with the experimentally observed ones.     

Comparative stability analyses of traditional and selective room-and-pillar mining techniques for sub-horizontal tungsten veins

The stability and productivity concerning a modification on the traditional room and pillar for a new selective technique at the Portuguese Panasqueira Mine have been described. The traditional room-and-pillar stoping uses 5.0-m wide rooms with 3.0 m×3.0 m pillars, while the selective room-and-pillar mining technique consists in stoping with rooms of 4.0 m wide and pillars of 4 m×4 m with a subsequent selective cutting of the quartz veins at the mid pillar of approximately 0.5 m high, to obtain a pillar section with an area of 3.0 m×3.0 m. The stability and productivity analyses indicate that the selective technique obtains smaller average pillar safety factor, more rock mass displacement, more extraction and selectivity ratios, and ore grade improvement, compared with the traditional technique. These results show that the selective technique is also more convenient. This proposed selective room-and-pillar mining technique is applicable to any sub-horizontal narrow quartz veins with wolfram, gold, etc. such as the famous La Rinconada gold mine in the Peruvian Andes.     

钨合金精密磨削砂轮磨损及对表面质量的影响机制

为了满足钨合金零件的高精度和高完整性表面加工需求,实现钨合金磨削质量的控制和加工工艺的优化,通过分析砂轮磨粒种类和结合剂类型对砂轮磨损形式的关系,明确了超硬磨料砂轮在钨合金磨削加工中的优势.研究了磨粒粒度和磨削参数对钨合金磨削加工质量的影响规律,为制定合理的磨削工艺提供依据.通过磨削试验获得钨合金高精度和高完整性表面磨削加工工艺.研究结果表明,钨合金磨削过程中砂轮易磨损,超硬磨料砂轮更适合钨合金的磨削加工.金属结合剂金刚石砂轮在钨合金磨削加工的表面质量和加工精度方面表现出优越性.通过改进磨削参数,钨合金精密磨削后表面粗糙度可达18.9 nm,实现了镜面磨削效果.     

基于区间解析冗余关系的参数不确定性研究

本文主要目的是拓展基于区间解析冗余关系法I-ARRs(Interval valued Analytical Redundancy Relations)对不确定性混杂系统的故障检测。该方法产生一组对故障估计的阈值,一旦标称残差超过阈值,则故障能被检测。现有的故障检测方法主要是针对参数性故障,因此对测量信号导数的估计呈现出各种限制。而且在I-ARRs中对测量信号导数十分敏感,这不可避免地涉及到对残差的估计。为解决这一问题,利用鲁棒滑模微分器方法得到对含噪声测量信号导数最优估计,降低残差噪声,以减小虚警、漏报,从而提高鲁棒性。通过典型电力电子电路BUCK电路仿真,验证了此方法的有效性。